Notation

The sign "+" following a cell (surface) marker means the stem cells can express the cell (surface) marker; in the other term, the cell (surface) marker existing in the cell surfaces of the stem cells may be detected by performing a flow cytometry using a (marker-specific) antibody. And, the sign "-" following a cell (surface) marker means the stem cells do not express the cell (surface) marker; in the other term, the cell (surface) marker, not existing in the cell surfaces of the stem cells, may not be detected by performing a flow cytometry using a (marker-specific) antibody. The positive sign "+" is a positive expression of a cell (surface) marker for a stem cell, and the negative sign "-" is a negative expression of a cell (surface) marker for a stem cell. For example, a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which is a multipotent stem cell having a nucleus, may be a CD34(+), cKit(-), CD38(-), Lin(-) multipotent stem cell, the HSC may express the cell (surface) marker CD34 and lacks expression of the cell (surface) markers cKit, CD38 and Lin and may be characterized by CD34(+), cKit(-), Lin(-) and CD38(-).